Characterization and cluster analysis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming in the province of Abancay (Apurímac, Peru)

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of clusters and the factors that influence the profitability of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming in Abancay province (Apurimac, Peru). The area is located in the Andes mountains at an altitude of 2,378 meters. Information was collected through a questionnaire. The sample consisted of 100% of the aquaculture farmers registered in the National Aquaculture Registry of the Ministry of Production of Peru for the area. Fish farmers were classified as LRA (limited resource aquaculture) or MSAE (micro and small aquaculture enterprise) according to their production category, however there were also fish farmers who fit into both categories. Four conglomerates were identified, monoculture fish farmers (only trout) from micro and small businesses, mixed fish farmers (trout production plus other activities) with 1–2 years of experience in the activity, mixed fish farmers who produce for consumption and familiar enterprises using unpaid labor, and an extensive system with mixed fish farmers who produce for self-consumption. It was also found that years of experience, water source, sales market, and the main activity were related to profitability.