Modelo bioeconómico de esquila única en el manejo de la fibra de vicuña

The vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) is a South American camelid that is distributed along the Andes, with a greater concentration of the population of this species are in the highlands of Peru – Bolivia, north of Chile and Argentina. The objective was to determine the values of the maximum technical (maximum age of harvest), maximum growth (age of highest fiber production) and equilibrium stock size (harvest periodicity) for the shearing of the vicuña fiber according to the bioeconomic model based on information from the National Center for the Conservation of South American Camelids, Cala-Cala, in the province of San Antonio de Putina, Puno region, Peru. The proposed model is a bioeconomic model of single harvest in the manage of vicuña fiber, which considers constant price under five scenarios for discount rates (profitability levels) from 9% to 30%, in which the values of carrying capacity, maximum growth and equilibrium stock size were determined. The results showed that the value of the maximum technical for female vicuñas corresponds to 15.8 years, while for male vicuñas it reaches 17.76 years, the previous evidence that vicuñas males live longer than female vicuñas, this is explained by environmental factors in the case of the female vicuñas. In a scenario where the vicuña fiber production space faces several opportunity costs rates (profitability levels), it is observed that the pressure on the species will be more demanding as the discount rate becomes higher varying the equilibrium stock size (harvest periodicity) from 2.6 to 1.25 years corresponding to a discount rate of 9% and 30%, respectively.